1822
Dom Pedro I declares independence
keeps good relations with Britain and Portugal
abolish slavery early in 1830s with compensation + land reform
land reform creates strong middle class of freedmen, immigrants, and locals in the coming decades
massive European immigration begins
turn Brazil into "New Europe" of the South
1850s
Brazil builds railways, telegraphs, industrial base in São Paulo and Rio
embraces science, education, and constitutional monarchy
avoids internal revolts by creating real provincial autonomy
Amazon exploration begins with European funding
Pedro II becomes a very popular emperor, loved by all
1860s
win the Paraguayan War alone
Paraguay becomes Brazilian protectorate or outright annexed
Argentine civil wars end with Brazil-backed allies in charge
Guyanas bought or annexed through diplomacy
1880s
no republican coup
monarchy modernizes and survives like British royalty
Brazilian navy becomes largest in the Southern Hemisphere
1910s
enter WWI on Allied side
navy escorts convoys, gains colonies or territory in peace talks
returns as continental hero
massive postwar boom, industrialization skyrockets
Rio and São Paulo look like 1920s New York